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Syphilis is caused by infection with the spirochete Treponema pallidum. The infection is systemic and is characterized by periods of latency. The RPR test is an effective screening test for syphilis, which then must be confirmed by specific treponemal test like T. pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA) or fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS).

The presence of reducing substances is useful in the diagnosis of abnormalities in carbohydrate metabolism, i.e., sucrose and lactase. The unabsorbed sugars in stool are measured as reducing substances.

Differentiation of glucose and non-glucose reducing sugars in the urine, e.g., galactose found in the urine of infants with galactosemia

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Use in evaluating erythropoietic activity

For detecting Rh incompatibility

Rotavirus infection is the major cause of gastroenteritis in children from six months to two years. Infection occurs in both sporadic and epidemic forms and is responsible for approximately half the cases of diarrhea in infants that require hospitalization worldwide. Rotavirus has also emerged as a cause of enteritisin adults, particularly in elderly immunosuppressed patients.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important and frequent cause of human respiratory infection, especially in very young age group, where it can cause bronchiolitis, pneumonia, or croup. Infections in older children and adults tend to be milder and involve the upper respiratory tract. This assay is useful for diagnosis of a RSV infection.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important and frequent cause of human respiratory infection, especially in very young age group, where it can cause bronchiolitis, pneumonia, or croup.
Infections in older children and adults tend to be milder and involve the upper respiratory tract. This assay is useful for diagnosis of a recent RSV infection.

Rubella is an acute exanthematous viral infection of children and adults. Rash, fever and lymphadenopathy characterize the illness. While many infections are subclinical, this virus has the potential to cause fetal infection with resultant birth defects.
Diagnosis of a Rubella infection is best made serologically. In the absence of a current or recent infection, a demonstration of specific IgG on a serum sample is evidence of immunity to Rubella.

Rubella is an acute exanthematous viral infection of children and adults. Rash, fever and lymphadenopathy characterize the illness. While many infections are subclinical, this virus has the potential to cause fetal infection with resultant birth defects. Diagnosis of a Rubella infection is best made serologically. This assay aids in the diagnosis of a current or recent infection.